VDR is an equivalent of a ship’s black box of an aircraft. It tracks the events of a maritime incident that includes the date and time of an accident, location of the ship at the time of the accident as well as its speed, direction and so on. The data recorded can be used to identify potential safety hazards and improve the operation of the ship.

According to IMO regulations, the standard VDR is required to record various kinds of information. This includes the following: date, time and Coordinated Universal Time, vessel position (latitude and longitude, coordinate reference) as well as heading and velocity, audio recorded by the bridge (voice messages recorded with one or more microphones placed on the bridge for recording conversations and audible alerts) and Very High-Frequency Radio Communications (VHF) and radar data (a faithful reproduction of the display that is visible at the time of recording), rudder and engine information, watertight door status, and accelerations.

The system is composed of a concentrator which encodes and processes data streams, sensors that input data to the concentrator and the final recording medium (FRM) which can withstand accidents and allow for the recovery of voyage information. The FRM could be a fixed unit that is mounted on the vessel or a retrievable floating device connected to the EPIRB to allow for the identification of the vessel quickly in the event of a catastrophe.

The best way to make sure that a vdr functions correctly is to incorporate its use in every bridge crew’s drills and exercises for training. The saved data may also be used to determine areas that require training as well as to improve bridge procedures and operational security.

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